What is the maximum number of electrons that can be held in any orbit?

• A. 8
• B. 16
• C. 32
• D. 18

Answer: (C)

The maximum number of electrons that can occupy any given electron orbit can be explained through quantum mechanics, specifically by referring to the formula 2n², where n represents the principal quantum number, which corresponds to the energy level of the orbit.

For instance, the first orbit (n=1) can hold 2 electrons, the second orbit (n=2) can hold up to 8 electrons, the third orbit (n=3) can hold 18 electrons, and so forth as we progress through higher orbits. Specifically, the fourth orbit (n=4) has the capacity to hold a maximum of 32 electrons.

Given this understanding, while the other provided choices represent maximum electron capacities of specific orbits—such as 2 for the first, 8 for the second, and 18 for the third—the maximum number specifically in the context of any orbit as it progresses onwards leads to a maximum of 32 electrons in the fourth orbit. This aligns with the correct answer provided.

The logical application of the concept of quantum states confirms that the correct maximum number of electrons permissible within an electron orbit is 32.